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Geopolitics
The Geopolitics of AI in the U.S. and Texas’s AI Infrastructure Strategy

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Los recursos que alimentan la IA generan estrés hidirico y de energía

Los recursos que alimentan la IA generan estrés hidirico y de energía

© FNF Mexico

Written by Dr. Cintia Smith, this paper explains how artificial intelligence has evolved from a technological innovation into a strategic instrument of national power. It analyses the U.S. approach to AI sovereignty, infrastructure development, semiconductor control, energy policy, and international technological influence. It also examines Texas as a case study of how regions compete to attract AI investments while facing growing energy and water challenges.

Providing a clear geopolitical perspective on the global AI race between the United States and China, and explaining concepts such as AI sovereignty and why it is becoming a national security priority. While it also offers insight into how governments are shaping AI development through energy, industrial, and regulatory policies.

On a local level, this paper highlights Texas as one of the world's most important emerging AI infrastructure hubs and identifies the long-term risks associated with AI expansion, particularly energy demand and water scarcity.

Providing lessons for Mexico and other countries seeking to attract technology investments while managing local resource constraints.

The Geopolitics of AI in the United States and Texas’s Strategy

The Geopolitics of AI in the United States and Texas’s Strategy

This white paper analyzes the growing geopolitical significance of artificial intelligence and the role of infrastructure in shaping technological sovereignty. It argues that AI has become a strategic asset comparable to the nuclear and space technologies that defined global competition in the twentieth century. The study explores how the United States seeks to maintain leadership in AI through the development of a sovereign technology ecosystem known as the “American AI Tech Stack,” which includes advanced semiconductors, hyperscale data centers, energy infrastructure, AI governance frameworks, and partnerships with the private sector.

The paper highlights the U.S. AI Action Plan and its objective of promoting American AI technologies as a global standard among allied nations. It explains how control over computing capacity, semiconductor manufacturing, and energy systems has become a key component of national competitiveness and security. The analysis also examines export controls, federal incentives, and international AI diplomacy as instruments of strategic influence.

A significant portion of the report focuses on Texas, which has emerged as a major hub for AI and computing infrastructure. Texas benefits from an independent electricity market, a business-friendly regulatory environment, and policies designed to accelerate AI deployment. The paper reviews the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (TRAIGA) and explains how the state prioritizes innovation and deployment over restrictive regulation.

At the same time, the report identifies important long-term challenges. Rapid growth in data centers is expected to increase demand for electricity and water, creating potential bottlenecks that could affect local communities and governments. The author concludes that AI competitiveness increasingly depends on territorial capacity to provide reliable energy, water resources, and supporting infrastructure, offering important lessons for Mexico and particularly for Nuevo León.

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